خلاصه ماشینی:
"Career: Nat Serv RN 1956; English language officer British Council Sri Lanka and Bangladesh 1962-68, lecturer Department of Linguistics University of Edinburgh 1968-77, professor of education Institute of Education University of London 1977-2000 (emeritus 2000-), professor of applied linguistics University of Essex 1991-97, professor of English linguistics and honor professor University of Vienna; chairman Advisory Committee British Council English Teaching 1982-91, founder ed Applied Linguistics, member Kingman Committee on the Teaching of English Language; Hon Doctorate University of Oulu Books and Publications: Stylistics and the Teaching of Literature (1975), Teaching Language as Communication (1978), Explorations in Applied Linguistics (vol I 1979, vol II 1984), Learning Purpose and Language Use (1983), English in the World (with Randolph Quirk, 1985), Language Teaching: A Scheme for Teacher Education (ed, 1987), Aspects of Language Teaching (1990), Practical Stylistics (1992), Linguistics (1996), Oxford Introductions to Language Study (ed, 1996-), (2003), Text, Context, Pretext (2004), Discourse Analysis (2007) The Question of Authenticity in Listening Materials Neda Nafisi1 Of the four major areas of communication skills and language development -listening, speaking, reading, and writing- the one that is the most basic is listening.
The second edition includes nine new readings, by authors such as Jerome, Dryden, Schleiermacher, Derrida, and Mason, some appearing in inventive retranslations · provides an historical dimension, with texts from antiquity to present · represents a wide range of languages, from Arabic to Bengali, Italian to Russian · explores the interdisciplinary nature of translation studies through readings in fields such as literary theory and linguistics, philosophy and film studies Contributors: Kwame Anthony Appiah, WalterBenjamin, Antoine Berman, Shoshana Blum-Kulka, Jorge Luis Borges, Annie Brisset, Lori Chamberlain, Jean Darbelnet, Jacques Derrida, John Dryden, Itamar Even-Zohar, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Keith Harvey, James S."