چکیده:
The main concern of the present study was to compare the frequency of the use of semantic adjustment strategies in versed and free-verse styles in the English translations of Hafez poetry. The focus of the comparison was the number of expansion and reduction strategies employed in these translations. The corpus of the study comprised two translations of Hafez poetry; one was a versed translation by Gertrude Bell (1897) and the other a free-verse translation by Henry Wilberforce Clarke (1974) as two representatives of the formal and contented styles. One hundred and eighty eight lines were chosen to be examined in terms of the number of expansion and reduction strategies used by the translators. Based on the outcomes of the research, both content and form were meaningful, but the selection of versed or free-verse styles did not affect the use of expansions and reductions; however, in the two translations investigated in this study, different numbers of semantic adjustments were used.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Consequently, the present study focused on investigating the application of semantic adjustment strategies, namely expansion and reduction, used in the English translation of Hafez poetry in two styles of versed and free-verse.
Therefore, before analyzing the main corpus of the study, the researchers investigated the translation of Hafez by nine translators (Alston, 1996; Arberry, 1947; Avery & Heat-Stubbs, 1952; Bell, 1897; Clarke, 1974; Gray, 1995; Kashani, 1984; Newell, 2001; Smith, 1986) in terms of the number of reduction and expansion strategies used in translation of Hafez poetry.
Table 3 – Description of the corpus No. of Title Ghazals 1 Ala ya ayyohassaaghi eder kasan vanaavalhaa 81 Sobhdam morghe chaman ba gole no khaaste goft 90 Ey hodhode sabaa be sabaa miferestamat 3 Agar aan torke shirazi bedast aarad dele maa raa 79 Konoon ke midamad az boostaan nasime behesht 25 Shekofte shod gole hamraa va gasht bolbol mast 11 Saghi be noore baade bar‟afruz jaame maa 65 Khoshtar ze eish-o sohbat-o baagh-o bahaar chist 2 Salaahe kaar kojaa va mane kharaab kojaa 22 Cho beshnavi sokhane ahle del magoo ke khataast 134 Bolboli khoone deli khord-o goli haasel kard 74 Haasele kaargahe koon-o makaan in hame nist 80 Eibe rendaan makon ei zaahede paakize seresht 195 Gholaame nargese maste to taajdaaraanand 145 Che mastist nadaanam ke roo be maa aavard 151 Dami baa gham be sar bordan, jahaan yeksar nemi‟arzad 163 Gol bi rokhe yaar khosh nabaashad 166 Rooze hejraan-o shabe forghate yaar aakher shod 101 Sharaab-o eishe nahaan chist, kaare bi bonyaad 164 Nafase baade sabaa moshk feshaan khaahad shod 184 Doosh didam ke malaa‟ek dare meikhaane zadand 103 Rooze vasle doostdaaraan yaad baad 169 Yaari andar kas nemibinam, yaaraan raa che shod 101 Semantic Adjustment in Versed and Free-Verse Translations of Hafez Instrumentation In order to identify the reduction and expansion strategies, the researchers needed a reference taxonomy to identify these strategies and their types in the corpus."