خلاصه ماشینی:
"The Effect of Training and Task-Planning on the Complexity of Iranian Learners’ Oral Speech Parviz Birjandi Zohreh Seifoori 1 Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch The shift of emphasis away from written to oral skills has stimulated an incipient concern in second language research to investigate ways of helping second and foreign language learners achieve higher degrees of oral proficiency.
The bulk of research in task planning, which is a metacognitive strategy, embodies the incipient concern in second language acquisition research to explore ways of integrating task-based and strategies-based approaches to prolifically focus attention at various stages of speech production and thereby to foster various features of oral speech.
214 Further, a repeated measures two-way ANOVA was run on the data to compare the pre-test and post-test results, and estimate the effect of both metacognitive training and levels of planning on the complexity of the participants' oral performance.
Crookes (1989) investigated the effect of planning opportunity on syntactic complexity in two monologic production tasks performed by two groups of 20 Japanese learners of English as a second language.
Conclusion Although the results emerging from the present study did not indicate any significant effect from the training program on complexity of the participants' oral speech, the data analysis of the Strategies Inventory for Language Learning (Oxford, 1985) ascertained that metacognitive strategies were among the least frequently deployed strategies."