چکیده:
This paper will concentrate on the result of a research based on comparative study between two Persian gardens in different micro climates in arid regions. Sustainability could be observed in many aspects and elements of traditional Iranian architecture and landscape architecture, and this method of design has used to solve many problems for many centuries. Gardens of Iran have had special role to moderate hot and arid climate since many years ago and their design method is an appropriate strategy to create sustainable landscape in our today cities. In this research, the selected case studies are Hasht-Behesht garden in Isfahan, and Jahannama garden in Shiraz, located in two different areas in arid regions of central plateau of Iran. The research method adopted in this paper consists of descriptive-analytic and deductive analyses. By the analysis of sustainable and climatic features and characteristics of these cases, the main goal is to identify the parameters of creating green space for present and future sustainable landscaping with similar climates. Results confirm that the similarities and differences between these two gardens are because of the different microclimatic regions they are located in. At the conclusion part, the main characteristics of Persian gardens from sustainability view will be classified and recommendations for sustainable landscape design will be presented.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Gardens of Iran have had special role to moderate hot and arid climate since many years ago and their design method is an appropriate strategy to create sustainable landscape in our today cities.
In this research, the selected case studies are Hasht-Behesht garden in Isfahan, and Jahannama garden in Shiraz, located in two different areas in arid regions of central plateau of Iran.
According to archeological findings described above, along with historical sources and also observations of current gardens of Iran, it can be concluded that the main design elements of Persian garden which are nearly the same in all of them are the grids of natural elements: water, vegetation and the built elements, pavilion which usually occupies minor axis and walls.
Since usually it is argued that landscape plans should be informed by species requirements, should show an understanding of supporting biological and physical processes, and should attempt to ensure process integrity (Boothby, 2013,281), so the main goal of this paper is first to investigate the similarities and differences between the microclimatic features of selected gardens as the case studies, and also to determine various sustainable design aspects of Persian gardens which can moderate the environmental condition.
, 2004) Fig. 5: Plan of Jahannama Garden in Shiraz (Source: Iran Cultural Heritage Organization of Fars, 2012) Climatic Conditions of Isfahan and Shiraz In Iran, there are many different geographical locations and climatic regions, each having special characteristics.
The settlement of four ponds around the main pavilion in both selected gardens is an important factor to increase weather humidity inside the building by channeling the breeze over the existing water.