چکیده:
This article explores the relation of Iranian ports with their surrounding regions from the
geopolitical-spatial perspective since 6th century BC. Content analysis of historical data
obtained from written, pictorial and secondary sources is the method used to achieve this
aim. The results denote that the geopolitical-spatial evolution of Iranian ports and the
surrounding regions can be classified into three general eras: in the first era (from 6th to
15th century), with the domination of the most powerful Iranian states on both sides of the
Persian Gulf, the geopolitical-spatial of Iran often had foreland-oriented structure with
mutual interaction of ports and hinterlands especially up to regional scale. In the second era
(from 16th to 19th century) which coincided with the arrival of powerful foreign forces in
the Persian Gulf, the rulers implemented a geopolitical policy: the protection of mainland
with the aim of territorial integrity maintenance. So, in this era hinterland-oriented spatial
structure was formed based on the interaction in local, regional and national levels. Also,
the geospatial scheme of the country was founded on the basis of endogenous activities and
integration political power. In the third era and with the exploration of oil (beginning of the
20th century till now), production, trade and distribution system of the country has
undergone radical changes and along with formation of powerful world capitalist system, it
has become subject to political and economic changes of this system. Directing capital flow
to the capital and obtaining such development policies as growth pole, spatial structure of
the country has tended towards corridor- polarized pattern. This pattern has led to the poleoriented
hinterland spatial structure based on single-product (oil) export. In other words, in
the country has tended towards corridor- polarized pattern. This pattern has led to the poleoriented
hinterland spatial structure based on single-product (oil) export. In other words, in
this era, the political, spatial and economical geography relied on the political and
economic decisions that were concentrated in the capital. Accordingly, spatial planning in
the local-regional hinterland about habitats, activities and distribution of services depended
on the capital decisions in the national hinterland.