چکیده:
هدف: هدف پژوهش تعیین و مقایسه اثربخشی سه روش حساسیت زدایی حرکت چشم و بازپردازش، شناختی-رفتاری و رهاسازی هیجانی در کاهش اضطراب بیماران دچار اختلال استرس پس از سانحه بود. روش: روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با سه گروه آزمایش، یک گروه گواه و طرح پیش آزمون، پس آزمون و پیگیری دو ماهه و جامعه آماری 486 بیمار مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان اعصاب و روان نوریه کرمان در سال 1397 بود. با روش نمونه گیری هدفمند 60 مرد انتخاب و در چهار گروه 15 نفری گمارش تصادفی شد. گروه 1 در 6 جلسه 45 دقیقهای انفرادی حساسیت زدایی با حرکت چشم و بازپردازش شاپیرو (2014) را، گروه 2 در 6 جلسه 1 ساعته گروهی درمان شناختی-رفتاری داگاس و رابیچوود (2007) را و گروه 3 در 6 جلسه 1 ساعته انفرادی فن رهاسازی هیجانی چورچ (2014) را دریافت و هر چهار در سه مرحله سیاهه اضطراب اشپیلبرگر، کروسوچ، لاشن، وگ و جاکوبز (1983) را تکمیل کردند. دادهها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس مختلط تحلیل شد. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که در سطح 99 درصد اطمینان در گروه 1 اضطراب حالت (36/42 =F،) و صفت (66/12 =F)، در گروه 2 اضطراب حالت (38/5 =F،) و صفت (30/11 =F) و در گروه 3 اضطراب حالت (23/15 =F) و صفت (50/18 =F) کاهش یافته و این تاثیر در پیگیری پایدار مانده و از بین سه روش فقط درمان حساسیت زدایی منظم حرکتهای چشم و بازپردازش در اضطراب حالت موثرتر از دو مداخله دیگر است (015/0=P). نتیجهگیری: از آنجا که هر سه روش با تاتیر بر افکار غیرمنطقی و رهاسازی هیجانها منجر به بهبود راهبردهای رفتاری شدند؛ بنابراین روشهایی موثری برای کاهش اضطراب افراد دچار استرس پس از سانحه محسوب میشوند.
Aim: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) , and Emotional -Focused Therapy (EFT) therapy are three effective therapies to help those who suffer from problems caused by traumatic experiences, anxiety, unpleasant memories, stress disorder After the accident, suffer from soreness and other types of emotional problems. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of three methods of EMDR, CBT and EFT in reducing the anxiety of patients in Neurology and Neurology Hospital in Kerman. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with experimental groups, control group and pre-test, post-test and follow-up design for two months. For this purpose, 60 patients of Neurology and Neurology Hospital in Kerman were selected by purposeful sampling. They were divided into four groups: They were randomized (three experimental groups and one control group, each of which was 15). These individuals were treated individually in EMDR sessions in 6 sessions of forty-five minutes, and the CBT and EFT groups were grouped in 6 sessions per hour. All subjects were evaluated in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages by the Spielberger anxiety inventory. Data were analyzed using mixed variance analysis with repeated measures. Aim: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) , and Emotional -Focused Therapy (EFT) therapy are three effective therapies to help those who suffer from problems caused by traumatic experiences, anxiety, unpleasant memories, stress disorder After the accident, suffer from soreness and other types of emotional problems. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of three methods of EMDR, CBT and EFT in reducing the anxiety of patients in Neurology and Neurology Hospital in Kerman. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with experimental groups, control group and pre-test, post-test and follow-up design for two months. For this purpose, 60 patients of Neurology and Neurology Hospital in Kerman were selected by purposeful sampling. They were divided into four groups: They were randomized (three experimental groups and one control group, each of which was 15). These individuals were treated individually in EMDR sessions in 6 sessions of forty-five minutes, and the CBT and EFT groups were grouped in 6 sessions per hour. All subjects were evaluated in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages by the Spielberger anxiety inventory. Data were analyzed using mixed variance analysis with repeated measures. Results: The results showed that the symptoms of anxiety were significantly decreased in all three experimental groups. For experimental group EMDR, in anxiety state (P <0. 001, F= 42. 36) and in trait anxiety (P <0. 002, F= 12. 66) , for EFT group for state anxiety (P <0. 001, F= 15. 23) and for trait anxiety (P <0. 001, F = 18/50) and for CBT group for state anxiety (P <0. 03, F= 5. 38) and for adolescent anxiety (P <0. 002, F= 11. 30) is significant. And this effect has remained steady in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: All three EMDR, CBT and EFT groups reduce anxiety in post-traumatic patients and can reduce the anxiety, panic and anxiety problem in patients.