چکیده:
Reflections on the contrast between the titles of Popper’s Objective Knowledge and Polanyi’s Personal Knowledge led Haack to explore how Polanyi’s ideas might be used to correct some of the distortions caused by Popper’s refusal to allow any role in epistemology to the knowing subject, and thus to throw light on such questions as the relations between the knower and the known, between epistemology and psychology and sociology of knowledge, and between subjectivity and objectivity.
خلاصه ماشینی:
But Popper’s overwhelming concern to maintain the objectivity of scientific knowledge, manifested in his exclusion of the knowing subject from the scope of epistemology, and his refusal to contaminate the autonomy of the theory of knowledge with the “subjectivism” of psychology or sociology, has the effect (as I have argued elsewhere)2 of compromising the fallibilist, dynamic, public character which was the chief virtue of his theory.
Polanyi, by contrast, stresses the personal character of scientific knowledge, and does not shun the aid of psychology and sociology; which suggested to me that some of his ideas might be used to correct the distortions caused by Popper’s inhospitable attitude to the knowing subject.
This is another part of the reason for Polanyi’s insistence on the central place of the knowing subject, and his rapprochement with psychology and sociology; for in his view, there is no way to divide up the study of scientific knowledge into the epistemologists’ and the psychologists’ concerns.
Because Polanyi is concerned with the knowing subject and the ways in which he learns about the world, as well as with what he learns, there is room in his epistemology for issues which Popper simply excludes: notably, the analogies between scientific judgment and the exercise of other, e.
: The central role of the knowing subject, and the rapprochement with psychology and sociology: The compatibility of fallibilism with commitment ; The active character of knowledge; The importance of the ways in which we learn from each other.