چکیده:
This article provides an annotated translation of a treatise written
by the famous scholar Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (d. 911/1505) in defense
of the hadiths condemning sodomy (liwāṭ). The article situates
such a defense within the current discourse on Islam and
homosexuality, summarizing the main arguments for and against
the prohibition of liwāṭ as well as how the “traditionalist” and
“Progressive” camps have constructed their arguments.
خلاصه ماشینی:
2 Jonathan Brown is the Alwaleed bin Talal Chair of Islamic Civilization, the School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University; director of theAlwaleed binTalal Center for Muslim-Christian Understanding; and author of The Canonization of al-Bukhari and Muslim (2007), Hadith: Muhammad’s Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World (2009), Muhammad: A Very Short In troduction (2011), and Misquoting Muhammad (2014); and editor-in-chief, Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Law. While Muslim scholars compiled impressive lists of the different sins and obscenities indulged by Lot’s people, their juridical discourse on liwāṭ, which they classified as an action as opposed to an inclination or a desire, remained distinctly focused3: “inserting the penis (dhakar, sometimes ḥashfah [glans]) into a man’s anus.
Abi ʿAmr – ʿIkrimah – Ibn ʿAbbas – the Prophet, with almost the identical wording: malʿūn man sabba abāhu malʿūn man sabba ummaha malʿūn man dhabaḥa li ghayr Allāh malʿūn man ghayyara tukhūm al-arḍ malʿūn man kammaha aʿmā ʿan al-ṭarīq malʿūn man waqaʿa ʿalā bahīma malʿūn man ʿamila ʿamal qawm lūṭ qālahā rasūl Allāh (s) mirāran thalāthan fī al-lūṭīyah.
’ NOTE: Al-Hakim only needed to resort to an attesting text for his ṣaḥīḥ rating of this hadith because of its transmitter from ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbas, [namely] ʿAmr b.
Abi ʿAmr is reliable, but he is criticized for the hadith of ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbas that the Prophet (s) said: ‘Kill the active and passive partner.
63 And in his Mīzān, he described as munkar a number of hadiths from the Musnad of Ahmad [Ibn Hanbal], the Sunan of Abu Dawud and other relied-upon books, indeed, even from the Ṣaḥīḥayn as well.