چکیده:
ﻣﺎﻣﻮران وزارت اﻃﻼﻋﺎت در ﻣﻘﺎم ﺿﺎﺑﻂ ﺧﺎص دادﮔﺴﺘﺮی ﮔﺎه ﺑﻪ ﺣﮑﻢ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن و ﮔﺎه ﺑﻪ اﻣﺮ ﻣﻘﺎم ﻗﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺎﭼﺎر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ و ﺑﺎزﺟﻮﯾﯽ از ﻣﺘﻬﻤﺎن ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺟﺮاﯾﻢ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻗﺎﻧﻮنﮔﺬار اﺣﺼﺎء ﺷﺪه، ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺻﻞ ﮐﺮاﻣﺖ و ارزش واﻻی اﻧﺴﺎن ﮐﻪ در ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ داﺧﻠﯽ و اﺳﻨﺎد ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ اﺻﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﺎزﺟﻮﯾﯽ و ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻣﺘﻬﻤﺎن ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻇﺎﺑﻄﺎن دادﮔﺴﺘﺮی ﻣﻠﺰم ﺑﻪ رﻋﺎﯾﺖ آن ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای اﺳﺖ. ﻗﺎﻧﻮنﮔﺬار ﻣﺎﻣﻮران وزارت اﻃﻼﻋﺎت را ﻣﻠﺰم ﻧﻤﻮده از ﯾﮏ ﺳﻮ در ﺑﺎزﺟﻮﯾﯽ از ﻣﺘﻬﻤﺎن، اﺻﻞ ﺑﺮاﺋﺖ را ﺳﺮﻟﻮﺣﻪ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺧﻮد ﻗﺮار داده و از ﺳﻮی دﯾﮕﺮ در اﺣﺘﺮام ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯿﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﻌﻨﻮی اﻓﺮاد، از ﺗﻮﺳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻨﺠﻪ و اﻏﻔﺎل و ﻓﺮﯾﺐ و رﻓﺘﺎر ﻏﯿﺮاﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻊ ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ اﺗﻬﺎم و ﺣﻘﻮق دﻓﺎﻋﯽاش ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﻋﻼم ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﺎزداﺷﺖ، اﻃﻼع ﺑﻪ ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﺎن، ﺣﻖ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﻨﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ و ﺣﻖ ﻫﻤﺮاﻫﯽ وﮐﯿﻞ آﮔﺎه ﺷﻮد. ﻋﺪم رﻋﺎﯾﺖ اﯾﻦ اﺻﻮل ﺑﺎ ﺿﻤﺎﻧﺖاﺟﺮای ﻋﺪم اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه و ﺟﺮماﻧﮕﺎری رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎی ﺿﺎﺑﻂ دادﮔﺴﺘﺮی ﻫﻤﺮاه اﺳﺖ.
Ministry of Intelligence officers, as special restraining Justice, are occasionally obliged -in some cases under the rule of law and in some others by the order of judicial authority- to interrogate and investigate the accused persons of certain crimes, which have been reckoned by legislator. In line with the dignity and value of human in Iran's Jurisprudence and in international Instrument like Universal Declaration of Human Rights and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, there are principles to reign to in interrogating the accused. The research method used in the present article is descriptive-interpretive, based on library research, data collection and categorization. The legislator has forced Ministry of Intelligence officials to put priority on the presumption of innocence and respect physical and moral integrity of the accused. They are also prohibited from the use of torture, inhumane treatment and deception. Furthermore, the accused must be aware of his charges like the reason of detention, as well as his rights, including informing family members, receiving medical services and the right to have a counsel. Failure to adhere to these principles will be eventuated in the criminalization of law enforcement officials' behaviors and invalidation of investigation.