چکیده:
سرمایه های طبیعی و ساختاربندی قانونی بر مبنای گزار های فقهی و حقوقی از کاربست های قابل توجه در جهت حفظ منابع و تامین منافع عامه و آحاد کشورهاست. منابع ارزشمندی مانند نفت و گاز نیز در قالب این سرمایه ها قرار می گیرد. همچنین انفال به عنوان یکی از مهمترین سرمایه های ملی محسوب می شود. پژوهش حاضر با بررسی اسناد و مدارک فقهی و حقوقی به تبیین ساختار هرم قانونگذاری مالکیت نفت و گاز همچنین ترابط آن با مقوله انفال، فی و دیگر مقوله های اموال عامه در فقه است. در ساختار قانونگذاری می توان منابع نفت و گاز را به انفال در قالب بندی قانون آن الحاق نمود که بر اساس ضابطه یا ملاک عقلی(از قبیل: سیره. اطلاق ادله بیانگر فرآیند احیاء. خلاف مقتضای مالکیت خصوصی بودن مقوله انفال و... ) و ملاک نقلی(منطوق و مفهوم آیات و روایات ناظر به آن) قابلیت وضع. تنفیذ و اجرا دارد.
Field and Aims: Natural capitals and legal structuring based on jurisprudence and legal propositions are significant applications in order to preserve resources and provide public and private interests of countries. Valuable resources such as oil and gas are also included in these funds. Also, Anfal is considered as one of the most important national capitals. The present study, by examining jurisprudential and legal documents, explains the structure of the legislative pyramid of oil and gas ownership, as well as its correlation with the category of Anfal and other categories of public property in jurisprudence.
Method: This research was carried out in terms of practical purpose and in terms of gathering information by documentary method and through the study of valid laws and sources, and the obtained information was analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner.
Finding and Conclusion: The most important criterion or rule for the annexation of oil and gas resources to Anfal is formed in the legislative structure in the formulation of rational and descriptive criteria. Also, Sireh is expressed in the meaning of the routine and method implemented by people over time. In the formulation of placing oil and gas resources in Anfal and public property, Sireh is expressed in such a way that, in fact, things such as seas and deserts and deserts, mountains and plains are examples of public property. In the legislative structure, oil and gas resources can be annexed to Anfal in the formulation of its law, which is based on rules or rational criteria (such as: history, evidence showing the revitalization process, contrary to the requirements of private ownership, the category of Anfal, etc.) And the criterion of narration (the context and meaning of the verses and traditions related to it) has the ability to be enforced and implemented.