خلاصه ماشینی:
264 Pomeranz: Privatization and the Ethics of Islam 265 The distinction between denationalization and outsourcing is basic: outsourcing usually entails neither diminution in public accountability nor change in the interaction of individual citizens with their government: however, denationalization relieves government of further responsibility (Fryklund, 1994).
The operational difficulties of denationalization will be discussed before an attempt is made to reconcile privatization, a free market technique, to Islam.
For example, preliminary to denationalization it may be necessary to broaden public par- 266 Pomeranz: Privatization and the Ethics of Islam 267 ticipation in thin securities markets.
When some of the rules of Islam and iqtisiid are reviewed in light of the structural and operational issues impacting denationalization, areas of potential friction come into focus: The welfare and security of employees; The optimum technique for privatization (Islam frowns upon shareholding, but accepts state ownership); Ethical awareness on the part of managers and employees; Islam sees the ethics of the righteous individual as governed by both internalized principles and external controls; The rights of the various members of the stakeholder family, beyond investors and creditors; Environmental protection and the avoidance of waste.
The Western solution would 268 Pomeranz: Privatization and the Ethics of Islam 269 call for improvement in the denationalization process, including availability of proactive audit support.