چکیده:
Given that reformulation is an integral component of scientific texts in which the explanation of terms and ideas is prevalent (Candel, 1984; Thoiron & Bejoint, 1991), this study aims at examining the form, frequency, and function of reformulation markers in three sub-corpora, namely, L1 English, L2 English, and L1 Persian research articles of psychology. The study is based on a corpus of 60 research articles amounting to a total size of 1,105,433 words. Drawing on the list of reformulation markers provided in Hyland (2005) in the case of English sub-corpora and a list of Persian reformulation markers prepared by three experts in the Persian language, we searched the corpus automatically for all the instances of reformulation markers. In the next step, all the instances were examined in their textual context in order to identify their function. The results indicated that L1 English sub-corpus contains the highest frequency of reformulation markers followed by L2 English and finally L1 Persian. There were also differences with regard to forms and functions, as well as parenthetical uses of reformulation markers across the three sub-corpora, specifically between L1 English and L1 Persian, suggesting the existence of intercultural variation in the use of reformulation. Besides, Iranian researchers writing in L2 English tend to adapt their writing style to the norms and conventions of English at least as far as reformulation is concerned. The study concludes with some implications for EAP writing and teaching.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Differential Use of Reformulation Markers in Three Sub-corpora: L1 English, L2 English, and L1 Persian Elyas Barabadi Elham Aghaee ** Department of Foreign Languages, University of Bojnord Abstract Given that reformulation is an integral component of scientific texts in which the explanation of terms and ideas is prevalent (Candel, 1984; Thoiron & Bejoint, 1991), this study aims at examining the form, frequency, and function of reformulation markers in three sub-corpora, namely, L1 English, L2 English, and L1 Persian research articles of psychology.
In recent years, many cross-linguistic studies have been conducted between English and Persian with regard to code glosses in the introduction of RAs (Dehghan & Chalak, 2016), metadiscourse markers in the introduction of RAs (Farzannia & Farnia, 2016), metadiscourse markers in newspapers (Kuhi & Mojood, 2014), rhetorical and metadiscoursal features in introduction of RAs (Validi, Jalilifar, Shooshtari, & Hayati, 2016), metadiscourse functions in sociology RAs (Shokouhi & Baghsiahi, 2009), and metadiscourse in applied linguistics RAs (Rahimpour & Faghihi, 2009).
Data Analysis Having prepared a Word file containing different sections of RAs, we started scanning all the texts electronically while searching for specific {مراجعه شود به فایل جدول الحاقی} metadiscourse features which could potentially act as RMs. In order to identify the potential candidates of RMs in English texts, we used Hyland's (2005) model of metadiscourse as well as the findings of previous research on RMs (Barabadi & Golparvar, in press; Cuenca, 2003; Murillo, 2012).