چکیده:
This article was written based on the key concept of polysystem theory which, in translating any literary text, emphasizes the transference of the social systems in which a text is embedded. As stated by Tynjanov (1978a), polysystem theory saw translated literature as a system operating in the larger social systems of the target text. Thus, the task of understanding as well as transferring such systems in their translations, which can certainly affect the readers’ adequate understanding of texts, is a challenging job for most of the literary translators. After identifying three main social systems in The Great Gatsby as the corpus which was ranked second in the lists of the 100 Best Novels of the 20th Century, the source and the target texts were studied attentively, to study the way the respective systems were translated by the Iranian literary translators. Therefore, the prominent element of Nord’s textual analysis (1991), macrostructure, was focused throughout data collection procedure. Then, it was demonstrated that especially through an appropriate transference of the major conflict between the two predominant classes in the novel, the translator has managed to suitably convey most of the text’s social systems in his translation. Finally, it could be deduced that most of the literary translators in Iran, somehow transferred the concerned systems into some significantly adequate equivalents in their works.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"In this way, the concerning social systems in both ST and TT are brought here, which could be significantly categorized based on the specific feature of the American society through the 1920s, they have been reflecting: The contempt of The West Eggers (the new money) by The East Eggers (the old money): The most important and predominant social system pervading the novel, as examples number 5 or 6 belong to this category For the most part, the translator has well transferred some major social systems which concern that main conflict between the two predominant classes in the novel, namely The West Eggers (the new money) and The East Eggers (the old money).
Such social systems included the contempt of The West Eggers (the new money) by The East Eggers (the old money), predominance of materialistic as well as shallow attitudes towards life through Flapper Age and prevalence of immorality among different layers of the American society through Jazz Age. As demonstrated before, the translations of almost all the three social systems have been somehow demanding.
According to polysystem theory, a literary translator has to take it into account that the work he has decided to translate, has been written in a specific time and place with its particular addressees whose cultural and social systems on the one hand, and beliefs and knowledge of the world on the other hand, are wholly different from those of the TT’s readers.
At the end, to generalize the conclusion of the study to the domain of literary translation in Iran as a whole, it can be deduced that, working according to polysystem theory, approximately most of the literary translators in Iran have fortunately managed to convey the ST’s concepts existing in its social systems, into their appropriate equivalents, considering the respective structures of the TT."